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間接故意的三種情形的例子英語翻譯

2025年02月18日 09:12

The examples of the three situations of indirect intent are as follows: 1. Indifference-type permissiveness: In this situation, the actor adopts an attitude of "not caring" towards the possible harmful consequences of their actions. They neither actively pursue the occurrence of the harmful consequences nor take measures to prevent them but allow the situation to develop. For example, A knows that the flowerpot on his balcony is tottering and may hurt passers-by but is too lazy to reinforce or remove it. Eventually, the flowerpot falls and injures someone. The behavior of A reflects indifference-type permissiveness towards the harmful consequences. 2. Overconfidence-type permissiveness: Sometimes, the actor is overly confident in their judgment or ability and believes that even if harmful consequences occur, they can easily cope with or avoid them. However, this kind of confidence is often divorced from the reality, leading to the actor's permissiveness towards the occurrence of the harmful consequences. For example, B drives after drinking and although aware of the possibility of a traffic accident, is confident in his superb driving skills and thinks there will be no problem. Eventually, a tragic accident occurs. The behavior of B belongs to overconfidence-type permissiveness. 3. Utilization-type permissiveness: In some cases, in order to achieve certain illegal purposes, the actor deliberately exploits the possible harmful consequences of their actions. Although they do not directly pursue this harmful consequence, they allow it to occur in order to profit from it or achieve other purposes. For example, C deliberately places flammable substances in front of the enemy's house for revenge. Although not directly igniting them, C knows that others may cause a fire due to negligence, resulting in property damage to the enemy's house. The behavior of C is a typical utilization-type permissiveness. 點擊前往免費閱讀更多精彩小說

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